What are the differences between sheikh, emir, sultan and caliph?

sultan kingSheikh Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi (Arabic: سلطان بن محمد القاسمي, romanized: Sulṭān bin Muḥammad al-Qāsimī; born 2 July 1939) is an Emirati politician, author, historian, andThe titles Sultan and King both refer to soveren rulers, but they orinate from different cultural and historical contexts. Sultan is primarily used in Muslim-majority regions,